Standard library header <string>

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Dieser Header ist Teil der strings -Bibliothek.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Includes

(C++20)

Unterstützung für den Drei-Wege-Vergleichsoperator

<initializer_list>

(C++11)

std::initializer_list Klassentemplate

Klassen

char_traits

Klassentemplate, das die Eigenschaften eines Zeichentyps beschreibt
(class template)

std:: char_traits < char > (Klassen-Templatespezialisierung)

std:: char_traits < wchar_t > (Klassen-Templatespezialisierung)

std:: char_traits < char8_t > (C++20) (Klassen-Template-Spezialisierung)

std:: char_traits < char16_t > (C++11) (Klassen-Template-Spezialisierung)

std:: char_traits < char32_t > (C++11) (Klassen-Template-Spezialisierung)

basic_string

speichert und manipuliert Zeichenfolgen
(Klassentemplate)

std::string std:: basic_string < char > (Typedef)

std::u8string (C++20) std:: basic_string < char8_t > (Typedef)

std::u16string (C++11) std:: basic_string < char16_t > (Typedef)

std::u32string (C++11) std:: basic_string < char32_t > (Typedef)

std::wstring std:: basic_string < wchar_t > (Typedef)

std::pmr::basic_string (C++17) (Alias-Template)

std::pmr::string (C++17) std:: pmr :: basic_string < char > (Typedef)

std::pmr::u8string (C++20) std:: pmr :: basic_string < char8_t > (Typedef)

std::pmr::u16string (C++17) std:: pmr :: basic_string < char16_t > (Typedef)

std::pmr::u32string (C++17) std:: pmr :: basic_string < char32_t > (Typedef)

std::pmr::wstring (C++17) std:: pmr :: basic_string < wchar_t > (Typedef)

std::hash <std::basic_string>

(C++11)

Hash-Unterstützung für Strings
(Klassen-Template-Spezialisierung)

Funktionen

operator+

verkettet zwei Strings, einen String und ein char , oder einen String und ein string_view
(Funktionsschablone)

operator== operator!= operator< operator> operator<= operator>= operator<=>

(entfernt in C++20) (entfernt in C++20) (entfernt in C++20) (entfernt in C++20) (entfernt in C++20) (C++20)

vergleicht zwei Zeichenketten lexikographisch
(Funktions-Template)

std::swap (std::basic_string)

spezialisiert den std::swap Algorithmus
(Funktions-Template)

erase (std::basic_string) erase_if (std::basic_string)

(C++20)

löscht alle Elemente, die bestimmte Kriterien erfüllen
(Funktionsschablone)

Eingabe/Ausgabe

operator<< operator>>

führt Stream-Eingabe und -Ausgabe für Strings durch
(Funktions-Template)

getline

Daten aus einem I/O-Stream in einen String einlesen
(Funktions-Template)

Numerische Konvertierungen

stoi stol stoll

(C++11) (C++11) (C++11)

wandelt eine Zeichenkette in eine vorzeichenbehaftete Ganzzahl um
(Funktion)

stoul stoull

(C++11) (C++11)

konvertiert einen String in eine vorzeichenlose Ganzzahl
(Funktion)

stof stod stold

(C++11) (C++11) (C++11)

wandelt eine Zeichenkette in einen Gleitkommawert um
(Funktion)

to_string

(C++11)

wandelt einen ganzzahligen oder Gleitkommawert in


          string

um
(Funktion)

to_wstring

(C++11)

wandelt einen ganzzahligen oder Gleitkommawert in


          wstring

um
(Funktion)

Bereichszugriff

begin cbegin

(C++11) (C++14)

gibt einen Iterator zum Anfang eines Containers oder Arrays zurück
(Funktions-Template)

end cend

(C++11) (C++14)

gibt einen Iterator zum Ende eines Containers oder Arrays zurück
(Funktions-Template)

rbegin crbegin

(C++14)

gibt einen Reverse-Iterator zum Anfang eines Containers oder Arrays zurück
(Funktions-Template)

rend crend

(C++14)

gibt einen umgekehrten End-Iterator für einen Container oder ein Array zurück
(Funktions-Template)

size ssize

(C++17) (C++20)

gibt die Größe eines Containers oder Arrays zurück
(Funktions-Template)

empty

(C++17)

prüft, ob der Container leer ist
(Funktions-Template)

data

(C++17)

erhält den Zeiger auf das zugrundeliegende Array
(Funktions-Template)

Literale

Definiert im Inline-Namespace


           std::literals::string_literals

operator""s

(C++14)

wandelt ein Zeichenarray-Literal in


          basic_string

um
(Funktion)

Übersicht

#include <compare>
#include <initializer_list>
namespace std {
  // character traits
  template<class CharT> struct char_traits; // freestanding
  template<> struct char_traits<char>;      // freestanding
  template<> struct char_traits<char8_t>;   // freestanding
  template<> struct char_traits<char16_t>;  // freestanding
  template<> struct char_traits<char32_t>;  // freestanding
  template<> struct char_traits<wchar_t>;   // freestanding
  // basic_string
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>,
           class Allocator = allocator<CharT>>
    class basic_string;
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& lhs,
                const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& lhs,
                basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const CharT* lhs,
                const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const CharT* lhs,
                basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(CharT lhs,
                const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(CharT lhs,
                basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                const CharT* rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& lhs,
                const CharT* rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                CharT rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& lhs,
                CharT rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                type_identity_t<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& lhs,
                type_identity_t<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(type_identity_t<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> lhs,
                const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
      operator+(type_identity_t<basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> lhs,
                basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>&& rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr bool
      operator==(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                 const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr bool operator==(const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                              const CharT* rhs);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr /* siehe Beschreibung */ operator<=>(const basic_string<CharT,
                                                Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                                                const basic_string<CharT,
                                                Traits, Allocator>& rhs) noexcept;
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr /* siehe Beschreibung */ operator<=>(const basic_string<CharT,
                                                Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
                                                const CharT* rhs);
  // swap
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    constexpr void
      swap(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& lhs,
           basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& rhs)
        noexcept(noexcept(lhs.swap(rhs)));
  // Einfüge- und Extraktionsoperatoren
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&
      operator>>(basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& is,
                 basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>&
      operator<<(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os,
                 const basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&
      getline(basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& is,
              basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str,
              CharT delim);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&
      getline(basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&& is,
              basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str,
              CharT delim);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&
      getline(basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& is,
              basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator>
    basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&
      getline(basic_istream<CharT, Traits>&& is,
              basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& str);
  // Löschung
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator, class U = CharT>
    constexpr typename basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>::size_type
      erase(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& c, const U& value);
  template<class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator, class Pred>
    constexpr typename basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>::size_type
      erase_if(basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>& c, Pred pred);
  // basic_string typedef-names
  using string    = basic_string<char>;
  using u8string  = basic_string<char8_t>;
  using u16string = basic_string<char16_t>;
  using u32string = basic_string<char32_t>;
  using wstring   = basic_string<wchar_t>;
  // numerische Konvertierungen
  int stoi(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  long stol(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  unsigned long stoul(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  long long stoll(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  unsigned long long stoull(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  float stof(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  double stod(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  long double stold(const string& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  string to_string(int val);
  string to_string(unsigned val);
  string to_string(long val);
  string to_string(unsigned long val);
  string to_string(long long val);
  string to_string(unsigned long long val);
  string to_string(float val);
  string to_string(double val);
  string to_string(long double val);
  int stoi(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  long stol(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  unsigned long stoul(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  long long stoll(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  unsigned long long stoull(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr, int base = 10);
  float stof(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  double stod(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  long double stold(const wstring& str, size_t* idx = nullptr);
  wstring to_wstring(int val);
  wstring to_wstring(unsigned val);
  wstring to_wstring(long val);
  wstring to_wstring(unsigned long val);
  wstring to_wstring(long long val);
  wstring to_wstring(unsigned long long val);
  wstring to_wstring(float val);
  wstring to_wstring(double val);
  wstring to_wstring(long double val);
  namespace pmr {
    template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
      using basic_string = std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, polymorphic_allocator<CharT>>;
    using string    = basic_string<char>;
    using u8string  = basic_string<char8_t>;
    using u16string = basic_string<char16_t>;
    using u32string = basic_string<char32_t>;
    using wstring   = basic_string<wchar_t>;
  }
  // Hash-Unterstützung
  template<class T> struct hash;
  template<class A> struct hash<basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, A>>;
  template<class A> struct hash<basic_string<char8_t, char_traits<char8_t>, A>>;
  template<class A> struct hash<basic_string<char16_t, char_traits<char16_t>, A>>;
  template<class A> struct hash<basic_string<char32_t, char_traits<char32_t>, A>>;
  template<class A> struct hash<basic_string<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t>, A>>;
  inline namespace literals {
  inline namespace string_literals {
    // Suffix für basic_string-Literale
    constexpr string    operator""s(const char* str, size_t len);
    constexpr u8string  operator""s(const char8_t* str, size_t len);
    constexpr u16string operator""s(const char16_t* str, size_t len);
    constexpr u32string operator""s(const char32_t* str, size_t len);
    constexpr wstring   operator""s(const wchar_t* str, size_t len);
  }
  }
}

Klassentemplate std::char_traits

namespace std {
  template<> struct char_traits<char> {
    using char_type  = char;
    using int_type   = int;
    using off_type   = streamoff;
    using pos_type   = streampos;
    using state_type = mbstate_t;
    using comparison_category = strong_ordering;
    static constexpr void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* s);
    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n,
                                           const char_type& a);
    static constexpr char_type* move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
    static constexpr int_type not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept;
  };
  template<> struct char_traits<char8_t> {
    using char_type  = char8_t;
    using int_type   = unsigned int;
    using off_type   = streamoff;
    using pos_type   = u8streampos;
    using state_type = mbstate_t;
    using comparison_category = strong_ordering;
    static constexpr void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* s);
    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n,
                                           const char_type& a);
    static constexpr char_type* move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
    static constexpr int_type not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept;
  };
  template<> struct char_traits<char16_t> {
    using char_type  = char16_t;
    using int_type   = uint_least16_t;
    using off_type   = streamoff;
    using pos_type   = u16streampos;
    using state_type = mbstate_t;
    using comparison_category = strong_ordering;
    static constexpr void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* s);
    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n,
                                           const char_type& a);
    static constexpr char_type* move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
    static constexpr int_type not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept;
  };
  template<> struct char_traits<char32_t> {
    using char_type  = char32_t;
    using int_type   = uint_least32_t;
    using off_type   = streamoff;
    using pos_type   = u32streampos;
    using state_type = mbstate_t;
    using comparison_category = strong_ordering;
    static constexpr void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* s);
    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n,
                                           const char_type& a);
    static constexpr char_type* move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
    static constexpr int_type not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept;
  };
  template<> struct char_traits<wchar_t> {
    using char_type  = wchar_t;
    using int_type   = wint_t;
    using off_type   = streamoff;
    using pos_type   = wstreampos;
    using state_type = mbstate_t;
    using comparison_category = strong_ordering;
    static constexpr void assign(char_type& c1, const char_type& c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool lt(char_type c1, char_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* s);
    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n,
                                           const char_type& a);
    static constexpr char_type* move(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* copy(char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n);
    static constexpr char_type* assign(char_type* s, size_t n, char_type a);
    static constexpr int_type not_eof(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr char_type to_char_type(int_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept;
    static constexpr bool eq_int_type(int_type c1, int_type c2) noexcept;
    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept;
  };
}

Klassentemplate std::basic_string

namespace std {
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>,
           class Allocator = allocator<CharT>>
  class basic_string {
  public:
    // Typen
    using traits_type            = Traits;
    using value_type             = CharT;
    using allocator_type         = Allocator;
    using size_type              = typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::size_type;
    using difference_type        = typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::difference_type;
    using pointer                = typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::pointer;
    using const_pointer          = typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::const_pointer;
    using reference              = value_type&;
    using const_reference        = const value_type&;
    using iterator               = /* implementierungsdefiniert */;
    using const_iterator         = /* implementierungsdefiniert */;
    using reverse_iterator       = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
    using const_reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
    static constexpr size_type npos = size_type(-1);
    // Konstruieren/Kopieren/Zerstören
    constexpr basic_string() noexcept(noexcept(Allocator()))
      : basic_string(Allocator()) { }
    constexpr explicit basic_string(const Allocator& a) noexcept;
    constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str) noexcept;
    constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str, size_type pos,
                           const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type n,
                           const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str, size_type pos,
                           const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(basic_string&& str, size_type pos, size_type n,
                           const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string(const T& t, size_type pos, size_type n,
                             const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    template<class T>
      constexpr explicit basic_string(const T& t, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(const CharT* s, size_type n, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(const CharT* s, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    basic_string(nullptr_t) = delete;
    constexpr basic_string(size_type n, CharT c, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    template<class InputIt>
      constexpr basic_string(InputIt begin, InputIt end,
                             const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    template<container-compatible-range<CharT> R>
      constexpr basic_string(from_range_t, R&& rg, const Allocator& a = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(initializer_list<CharT>, const Allocator& = Allocator());
    constexpr basic_string(const basic_string&, const Allocator&);
    constexpr basic_string(basic_string&&, const Allocator&);
    constexpr ~basic_string();
    constexpr basic_string& operator=(const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string& operator=(basic_string&& str)
      noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value ||
               allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::Wert);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& operator=(const T& t);
    constexpr basic_string& operator=(const CharT* s);
    basic_string& operator=(nullptr_t) = delete;
    constexpr basic_string& operator=(CharT c);
    constexpr basic_string& operator=(initializer_list<CharT>);
    // Iteratoren
    constexpr iterator       begin() noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator begin() const noexcept;
    constexpr iterator       end() noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator end() const noexcept;
    constexpr reverse_iterator       rbegin() noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr reverse_iterator       rend() noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator         cbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_iterator         cend() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept;
    constexpr const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept;
    // Kapazität
    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type length() const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type max_size() const noexcept;
    constexpr void resize(size_type n, CharT c);
    constexpr void resize(size_type n);
    template<class Operation>
      constexpr void resize_and_overwrite(size_type n, Operation op);
    constexpr size_type capacity() const noexcept;
    constexpr void reserve(size_type res_arg);
    constexpr void shrink_to_fit();
    constexpr void clear() noexcept;
    constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
    // Elementzugriff
    constexpr const_reference operator[]
*Erklärung: Der Text innerhalb der HTML-Tags wurde nicht übersetzt, da es sich um Formatierungselemente handelt. Das schließende Klammerzeichen "]" wurde beibehalten, da es Teil der HTML-Formatierung ist und keine übersetzbare Textinhalte enthält.*(size_type pos) const;
    constexpr reference       operator[](size_type pos);
    constexpr const_reference at(size_type n) const;
    constexpr reference       at(size_type n);
    constexpr const CharT& front() const;
    constexpr CharT&       front();
    constexpr const CharT& back() const;
    constexpr CharT&       back();
    // Modifikatoren
    constexpr basic_string& operator+=(const basic_string& str);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& operator+=(const T& t);
    constexpr basic_string& operator+=(const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& operator+=(CharT c);
    constexpr basic_string& operator+=(initializer_list<CharT>);
    constexpr basic_string& append(const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string& append(const basic_string& str, size_type pos,
                                   size_type n = npos);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& append(const T& t);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& append(const T& t, size_type pos, size_type n = npos);
    constexpr basic_string& append(const CharT* s, size_type n);
    constexpr basic_string& append(const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& append(size_type n, CharT c);
    template<class InputIt>
      constexpr basic_string& append(InputIt first, InputIt last);
    template<container-compatible-range<CharT> R>
      constexpr basic_string& append_range(R&& rg);
    constexpr basic_string& append(initializer_list<CharT>);
    constexpr void push_back(CharT c);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(basic_string&& str)
      noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value ||
               allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::Wert);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(const basic_string& str, size_type pos,
                                   size_type n = npos);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& assign(const T& t);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& assign(const T& t, size_type pos, size_type n = npos);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(const CharT* s, size_type n);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(size_type n, CharT c);
    template<class InputIt>
      constexpr basic_string& assign(InputIt first, InputIt last);
    template<container-compatible-range<CharT> R>
      constexpr basic_string& assign_range(R&& rg);
    constexpr basic_string& assign(initializer_list<CharT>);
    constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos1, const basic_string& str,
                                   size_type pos2, size_type n = npos);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const T& t);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos1, const T& t,
                                     size_type pos2, size_type n = npos);
    constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const CharT* s, size_type n);
    constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos, const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& insert(size_type pos, size_type n, CharT c);
    constexpr iterator insert(const_iterator p, CharT c);
    constexpr iterator insert(const_iterator p, size_type n, CharT c);
    template<class InputIt>
      constexpr iterator insert(const_iterator p, InputIt first, InputIt last);
    template<container-compatible-range<CharT> R>
      constexpr iterator insert_range(const_iterator p, R&& rg);
    constexpr iterator insert(const_iterator p, initializer_list<CharT>);
    constexpr basic_string& erase(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos);
    constexpr iterator erase(const_iterator p);
    constexpr iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
    constexpr void pop_back();
    constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str,
                                    size_type pos2, size_type n2 = npos);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const T& t);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const T& t,
                                      size_type pos2, size_type n2 = npos);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, const CharT* s,
                                    size_type n2);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(size_type pos, size_type n1, size_type n2, CharT c);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2,
                                    const basic_string& str);
    template<class T>
      constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const T& t);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const CharT* s,
                                    size_type n);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, const CharT* s);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2, size_type n,
                                    CharT c);
    template<class InputIt>
      constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2,
                                      InputIt j1, InputIt j2);
    template<container-compatible-range<CharT> R>
      constexpr basic_string& replace_with_range(const_iterator i1, const_iterator i2,
                                                 R&& rg);
    constexpr basic_string& replace(const_iterator, const_iterator,
                                    initializer_list<CharT>);
    constexpr size_type copy(CharT* s, size_type n, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr void swap(basic_string& str)
      noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
               allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value);
    // String-Operationen
    constexpr const CharT* c_str() const noexcept;
    constexpr const CharT* data() const noexcept;
    constexpr CharT* data() noexcept;
    constexpr operator basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>() const noexcept;
    constexpr allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type find(const T& t,
                               size_type pos = 0) const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type find(const basic_string& str, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type find(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type rfind(const T& t, size_type pos = npos)
        const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type rfind(const basic_string& str,
                              size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type rfind(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type rfind(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
    constexpr size_type rfind(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type find_first_of(const T& t, size_type pos = 0)
        const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(const basic_string& str,
                                      size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_of(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type find_last_of(const T& t, size_type pos = npos)
        const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(const basic_string& str,
                                     size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_of(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const T& t, size_type pos = 0)
        const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const basic_string& str,
                                          size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = 0) const;
    constexpr size_type find_first_not_of(CharT c, size_type pos = 0) const noexcept;
    template<class T>
      constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const T& t, size_type pos = npos)
        const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const basic_string& str,
                                         size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos, size_type n) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(const CharT* s, size_type pos = npos) const;
    constexpr size_type find_last_not_of(CharT c, size_type pos = npos) const noexcept;
    constexpr basic_string substr(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos) const &;
    constexpr basic_string substr(size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos) &&;
    template<class T>
      constexpr int compare(const T& t) const noexcept(/* siehe Beschreibung */);
    template<class T>
      constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const T& t) const;
    template<class T>
      constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const T& t,
                            size_type pos2, size_type n2 = npos) const;
    constexpr int compare(const basic_string& str) const noexcept;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const basic_string& str,
                          size_type pos2, size_type n2 = npos) const;
    constexpr int compare(const CharT* s) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const CharT* s) const;
    constexpr int compare(size_type pos1, size_type n1, const CharT* s, size_type n2) const;
    constexpr bool starts_with(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool starts_with(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool starts_with(const CharT* x) const;
    constexpr bool ends_with(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool ends_with(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool ends_with(const CharT* x) const;
    constexpr bool contains(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool contains(CharT x) const noexcept;
    constexpr bool contains(const CharT* x) const;
  };
  template<class InputIt,
           class Allocator = allocator<typename iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type>>
    basic_string(InputIt, InputIt, Allocator = Allocator())
      -> basic_string<typename iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type,
                      char_traits<typename iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type>,
                      Allocator>;
  template<ranges::input_range R,
           class Allocator = allocator<ranges::range_value_t<R>>>
    basic_string(from_range_t, R&&, Allocator = Allocator())
      -> basic_string<ranges::range_value_t<R>, char_traits<ranges::range_value_t<R>>,
                      Allocator>;
  template<class CharT,
           class Traits,
           class Allocator = allocator<CharT>>
    explicit basic_string(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>, const Allocator& = Allocator())
      -> basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>;
  template<class CharT,
           class Traits,
           class Allocator = allocator<CharT>>
    basic_string(basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>,
                 typename /* siehe Beschreibung */::size_type,
                 typename /* siehe Beschreibung */::size_type,
                 const Allocator& = Allocator())
      -> basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>;
}

Fehlerberichte

Die folgenden verhaltensändernden Fehlerberichte wurden rückwirkend auf zuvor veröffentlichte C++-Standards angewendet.

DR	Angewendet auf	Verhalten wie veröffentlicht	Korrigiertes Verhalten
LWG 209	C++98	die Deklarationen der folgenden std::basic_string Member verwendeten inkonsistente Stile im Überblick: `void push_back(CharT c);` `basic_string& assign(const basic_string& str);` `void swap(basic_string& str);`	vereinheitlichte die Stile

Compiler support
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Language
Standard library
Standard library headers
Named requirements
Feature test macros (C++20)
Language support library
Concepts library (C++20)
Diagnostics library
Memory management library
Metaprogramming library (C++11)
General utilities library
Containers library
Iterators library
Ranges library (C++20)
Algorithms library
Strings library
Text processing library
Numerics library
Date and time library
Input/output library
Filesystem library (C++17)
Concurrency support library (C++11)
Execution control library (C++26)
Technical specifications
Symbols index
External libraries

cppreference.net

Namespaces

Variants

Standard library header <string>

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Includes

Klassen

Funktionen

Eingabe/Ausgabe

Numerische Konvertierungen

Bereichszugriff

Literale

Übersicht

Klassentemplate std::char_traits

Klassentemplate std::basic_string

Fehlerberichte